Aquinas and Hobbes

In his writings on Early Christian Ethics, Thomas doubting Thomas proposed the existence of four manifest types of laws. These laws are eternal, natural, human, and reverent. doubting Thomas defines eternal law as that which orders everything in the universe. It is a cosmos which issues from the forget and wisdom of God. He defines natural law as a subset of eternal law. He states that the natural law is the location for the fundamental principles of morality, and we come to the natural law through conscience and reason. Essentially, Aquinas incorporates Aristotles ideas of practical wisdom and reason, incorporates them into his natural law, and states that the natural law comes from God. This gives ethical motive a divine grounding. Aquinas explains human law as customary laws which vary from place to place based on customs or values. An example of this is the punishment for stealing which is divergent in some regions than others. According to Aquinas, divine law is that which we divulge not through reason, but through revelation. An example of divine law would be the existence of heaven and hell. Humans could not maybe reason the existence of heaven and hell, so they can totally learn of it through Gods revelations in the Bible.

        Vernon Bourke analyzes Aquinas moral psychology because he believes that it is an important basis for the Aquinas entire philosophy and that it was an essential ingredient of Aquinas bringing Aristotelian ideas to the Christian world view. Bourke states that Aquinas moral psychology can be broken down to three distinct human functions. The first function is intelligence. Bourke defines Aquinas view of intellect as the ability to comprehend universal meanings of the experience, and the capacity to reason conclusions from this experience. This conception is very similar to Aristotles concept of practical knowledge which...

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