Spread of Islam Conquests Military forces carried Islam beyond the Arabian Peninsula.
The Arabs were eager to acquire the verdant wealth of the neighboring Byzantine and Persian Empire to refer the needs of their growing population.
AD661 Arab armies had reduced Byzantine territory and brought the Persian Empire completely downstairs Muslim control.
Muslim warriors carried Islam eastern United States to the borders of India and China.
Muslim forces advanced halfway in to France before the Christian Franks stopped them. (The Battle of Tours, AD732) Muslim Division In AD 661 Ali the fourth caliph was fatally stabbed by a delusional follower.
Muawiyah became the first caliph of the powerful Umayyad Dynasty.
Followers of Ali, known as the Shiite, never accepted Muawiyahs rule.
In AD 680 Ali died.
They claimed the caliphate for Alis son, Husayan.
The murders of Ali and Husayan led to a permanent schism in the Moslem world.
The majority of Muslims, known as the Sunni followed the teachings of Muhammad.
The Shiite lived in mostly in present day Iraq and Iran.
The Umayyad The Umayyad dynasty, which was founded by Muawiyah govern from A.A. 661 to A.D. 750 Umayyad rulers stressed ruled stressed the political, rather than the religious aspect of their office.
The Umayyad moved the swell from Madinah to Damascus.
They also improved conditions for more particularly Jews and non-Greek Christians.
They also do up of Arabic the official language, built roads, and established postal routes.
Abbasids The Abbasids ruled the Islamic state from A.D. 750 to A.D. 1258 The Abbasid Empire reached its height under Caliph Harun al-Rashid, who ruled from A.D 786 to A.D 809.
The Abbasids developed a sophisticated urban civilization based on the diversity of the empires peoples.
They set up a new ruling group that included Muslims of many nationalities.
In central Asia, Persian Muslims set up the Samanid dynasty and...
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